Yields were highest in the depressions at the bottom of the hills, where the dark, rich topsoil has settled. |
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It takes over 500 years to form one inch of stable topsoil and it can be lost in minutes. |
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Ideally, a loamy textured topsoil should be brought in to increase soil grade. |
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Without plants growing between and around the coffee, this farmer loses valuable topsoil. |
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Crop yields drop as topsoil is lost, prompting subsistence farmers to clear more land. |
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If the blade is positioned too low, valuable topsoil may be removed from the site during the bulldozing. |
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Severe wind and water erosion of the topsoil added to the degradation of the natural habitats, particularly on upland sites. |
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The road-cuts there expose a deep overlay of sandy soil, very different from the black topsoil elsewhere in Iowa. |
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Top-dress lightly with sand, topsoil, and sifted compost, and keep the lawn well watered until the new sprouts emerge. |
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When digging out the bed, discard any heavy, tight subsoil and save the topsoil. |
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The stuff you find yourself in is primarily hardpan, glacial till, and some topsoil. |
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Severe compaction sometimes occurs when the spoil or topsoil material is moved when too wet during the reclamation process. |
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When trees were cut down, heavy rainfall would wash off the topsoil and leach the nutrients. |
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Furthermore, in cultivated soils, dense compact subsoils frequently underlie the loosened topsoil. |
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Many soils have a topsoil layer that is more permeable than the clay subsoil. |
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Sprinkling a thin layer of topsoil or compost over the lawn will also help. |
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First, don't overmix the organic, topsoil and deeper layers, as this can bury organic matter too deeply. |
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The ideal structure of topsoil is granular, crumb-size groupings of soil particles and plenty of pore spaces. |
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And in a world where we no longer call a spade a spade but a multi-purpose topsoil cultivator, we need characters not cardboard cut-outs. |
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The air was fresh with earthly scents of topsoil, grass, trees and wildflowers. |
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Often the topsoil was easy to see because it was blowing around in the air, in willy-willies like mini-tornadoes. |
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The thin layer of topsoil is constantly thawing and refreezing during the summer, and this makes any plant growth very difficult. |
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The filled-in areas will then be landscaped with topsoil and then grass seeded. |
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Sawflies infest fruitlets and cause these to drop prematurely after which the pests pupate in the topsoil. |
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The ground had to be dug over, dressed with some compost and lastly covered with the topsoil. |
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Attempts to replant had obviously been made, but the topsoil had washed away and the saplings were dead. |
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The garden is lush and floriferous, nourished by the rich topsoil the Sorensens layered over the garage roof. |
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In the older islands a larger layer of topsoil has formed, and these islands are covered with coconut trees, breadfruit, and dense shrubs. |
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I plan to put a little topsoil and St. Augustine grass plugs in these bare spots. |
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Perhaps a third or more of all cropland is losing topsoil faster than new soil is forming, thereby reducing the land's inherent productivity. |
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Higher, steeper slopes of the Vosges have thin topsoil, with subsoils of weathered gneiss, granite, sandstone, schist, and volcanic sediments. |
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He said the remaining topsoil had been hosed down and covered with polythene and tarpaulin. |
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This, then, is not a rags to riches tale, but one of a treasure chest so scarcely concealed that the topsoil barely covered it. |
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Vetiver grass lines terraces in the gardens, to trap valuable topsoil in the beds. |
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One set of gardens concerns landforms made from sand, gravel, topsoil and turf sculpted into sharply edged curves. |
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Many soils have an uneven distribution of resources owing to fertilizer applications and the periodic saturation of topsoil with rainwater. |
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To rebuild topsoil, organic farmers plant green manures, make compost and undersow crops with clover to increase organic matter in soil. |
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They carry silt which replenishes the topsoil and enables agriculture to flourish. |
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Soil typically includes an organic plant layer, topsoil and layers of minerals, silicates, clay and parent materials. |
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Making two or more passes with the tiller helps blend the compost with the topsoil and break up any clumps of material. |
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After excavation, a thin layer of topsoil was replaced and some woody seedlings planted. |
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A capping and topsoil layer will then be used to cover the whole site to ensure containment of waste in the long term and to sustain vegetation. |
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All we deal with is pure topsoil, subsoil and builders demolition, which is perfect for land reclamation. |
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The permafrost below the topsoil is frozen all year around, and this prevents roots from penetrating deeply into the ground. |
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It owns recycling plants in Ayrshire, Paisley and Glasgow and supplies recycled aggregates, topsoil and subsoil. |
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Each year, several serious car accidents are caused by high winds blowing topsoil across highways. |
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Collectively they represent a step change in the approach the business is taking to the cultivated turf and quality topsoil market in the North of England. |
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During the dry season, wind blew the cracked, dusty topsoil off his land. |
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Also she has three vacuum cleaners, two lawnmowers, four rakes, eight sacks of topsoil, a pile of gravel up against the garage door, and a garage full of things. |
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If you can't afford topsoil, you can amend the soil with compost. |
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In Tokaj-Hegyalja the soils are volcanic with a topsoil of decayed lava. |
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But uncomfortable as dust-storms may be for town and city dwellers, by far their worst effect is the stripping of topsoil from Australia's arable land. |
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It had been roughly levelled and covered with a layer of topsoil. |
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In areas with heavy clay soil, add a layer of lightly structured topsoil. |
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The soil was purposely left firm to minimize trencher and sub-surface equipment damage while all other excavation and topsoil transporting were taking place. |
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Aftershocks and heavy rains continue to trigger mudslides on mountain slopes where the quake has uprooted forests, loosened topsoil or created barrier lakes. |
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This hypothesis crumbled at the first spadeful below the topsoil. |
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The problem was that the head-high buffalo grass that thrived in the thin topsoil had slowly adapted to its deceptively hostile environment over several thousand years. |
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The sandy looking topsoil is stripped back to reveal its history. |
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All topsoil and vegetative overburden shall be removed and separately stored along the north eastern boundary of the site to the satisfaction of the Local Planning Authority. |
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In Cambridgeshire, the winds lifted the topsoil off the fenland. |
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The dusty surface of our home wouldn't support any plantlife initially, but biochemistry has helped the gardener grow topsoil over the years, and fertilised the land. |
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The irony is that the farming methods causing the drainage will result in their own demise, as they use up the topsoil and render the ground infertile. |
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His installation piece, Dig, edges an open stairwell with a thick cross-sectional layer of faux topsoil and plants, as if the earth were reclaiming the site. |
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An unimaginable wealth of fertile topsoil in most parts of the country, this is shallow by Iowa standards, where in some areas the fine, friable soil goes down 20 feet. |
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Unable to burrow into the hard gravel, the gophers may instead have arranged the topsoil into mound shaped nests that proceeded to grow in size over many generations. |
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They also reported that many of the limestone cedar glade endemics grow well under cultivation in a greenhouse mixture of calcareous topsoil and river sand. |
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Recent rains likely eroded the topsoil away to a level below the crown. |
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As well as eroding land on visible sites, high winds are blowing off topsoil and sands which expose undiscovered sites which are then quickly washed away, said Dawson. |
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The ferocity of the water cascading down the hillside removed the topsoil and revealed the rakes beneath. |
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Particle size analysis suggested large variation in topsoil texture among the fields, probably as a result of initial variation in the tephra. |
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Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil. |
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Limestone pavements that develop beneath a mantle of topsoil usually exhibit more rounded forms. |
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Replace with good-quality topsoil and either fill with hardy annual seeds, perennials like thyme and houseleeks or even a small shrub. |
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These areas include features similar to sand dunes and areas with sandy, erodible soils, with a thin organic layer of topsoil. |
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You need to excavate and remove the topsoil, line the subsoil with a geotextile, then lay and compact hardcore. |
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In some areas in the American corn belt, more than 50 percent of the original topsoil has been carried away within the last 100 years. |
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During the last ice age, the topsoil was scraped off, leaving mostly bare rock. |
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On poorly drained impermeable areas of millstone grit, shale or clays the topsoil gets waterlogged in winter and spring. |
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The amount of triazines in topsoil collected 1 day after herbicide application was much less than that calculated. |
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The team trialled old topsoil kept on site by the mine, biosolids from a local water treatment plant and milled waste rock. |
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Their jobs were to clear away the nitrous topsoil that made the land arable. |
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We also used up the rest of the topsoil and mulch in the previously landscaped area. |
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In many soils, the majority of fine plant feeder roots can be found in the topsoil or plough layer. |
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Little grew on the farm, after the floods from the hurricane washed away the topsoil. |
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We also considered the possibility that nutrients in the topsoil allowed for the germination of spores, followed by population growth and then subsequent resporulation. |
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Those taking advantage of the latest housing boom could well find that the topsoil removed during construction is often returned as a mixture of loam and builders rubble. |
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Hart PBS, August JA, West AW Long-term consequences of topsoil mining on select biological and physical characteristics of two New Zealand loessial soils under grazed pasture. |
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Deforestation, climatic deterioration during the Little Ice Age, and overgrazing by sheep imported by settlers caused a loss of critical topsoil due to erosion. |
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Improper and intensive farming led to erosion and the loss of topsoil. |
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